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>> History of OLED and curved screen development 28th,Dec,2018
Compared with the traditional liquid crystal display, the OLED display has many advantages such as high power, high brightness, light weight, and wide viewing angle, and gradually becomes the main force of the mobile phone screen. More than 50% of mobile phones issued in the past year or two have been replaced with OLED displays, some of which use rigid OLED displays, and the other are curved screen phones that use flexible OLED displays. Today, we will understand the advantages of OLED display from the perspective of technical principles, and further understand the flexible OLED display technology and future development direction.
OLED phone screen these years
The full name of OLED is organic light emitting device. Compared with luminescent materials previously made of semiconductor materials such as silicon, the luminescent part of OLED is mostly made of carbon atom-based compounds.
The technology of OLED is constantly known to the public with its application on curved screens, but in fact this technology has existed for some time: OLED is used for the first time on mobile phone screens, or is the popular flip-flop mobile phone in 2008, that In October, Nokia introduced the N85.
Why use OLED instead of LCD?
The reason why OLED can save power, high brightness, thin and light is related to the physical principle of its illumination. The main difference between the construction of an OLED screen and the previous liquid crystal display (LCD) is that the OLED is capable of emitting light by itself, and the liquid crystal display needs to have other light sources to illuminate.
The imaging principle of the LCD screen can be imagined as behind a curtain, a red plastic bag is placed on a light bulb that has been illuminated. When you open the opening cloth, what you see is red light, and the curtain is black. If you have countless red, green, and blue plastic bags with even white light on the back, you can display different images by controlling the switch on the front curtain of each plastic bag.
Since the liquid crystal display has a second light source, the energy utilization efficiency is not high enough, and the white light behind it is always turned on as long as the display is turned on, even when it is black, the power consumption of the screen is high.
Compared with liquid crystal screens, OLEDs are characterized in that they do not require an external light source, and energy can be applied efficiently. If the OLED is a red plastic bag, as long as a certain voltage is applied to both ends of the plastic bag, the plastic bag can emit red light by itself. When a group of red, green and blue plastic bags are arranged together, different images can be displayed by controlling the voltage of each plastic bag with a thin film transistor (TFT) to control whether the plastic bag emits light. When the plastic bag does not emit light, it is black, so it will be useful to use OLED mobile phones for black screen saver to save electricity.
Flexible screen is OLED, OLED is not necessarily flexible
Since the composition of the OLED display is relatively simple and does not require various components such as a second light source, the OLED can be fabricated on a conventional glass plane instead of being placed on a flexible polymer plane. Flexible screen.
The physical properties of a flexible OLED screen are similar to paper, and can be fluttered like paper by the wind. This kind of screen can be rolled up and bent, but if you fold a piece of paper like paper, it will still damage the screen.
Don't think that this flexible OLED is far away from you. The flexible OLED display has been used in the mobile phone since the Galaxy Note 4 released by Samsung in October 2014. Since then, various curved screens have been widely used in various curved screen mobile phones. Flexible OLEDs rely on their unique flexible characteristics, so that the high-perspective curved screen mobile phones produced in the last one or two years have basically used flexible OLEDs.
Most of the flexible OLEDs currently on the market come from three companies, Samsung and LG from South Korea, and BOE, the Chinese brand. Although the OLED display is relatively simple in construction, since the flexible screen needs to be produced on a soft material surface, the yield is only about 60-70%, while the conventional LCD production can achieve a yield of more than 95%, so the price of the flexible OLED. It is also about 20% higher than the traditional LCD. However, I believe that when the technology for producing flexible OLEDs becomes more mature, the price of flexible OLEDs can be reduced.
If the screen can be bent like paper, why can't the phone bend? Although the technology of flexible OLEDs is relatively mature, flexible batteries and flexible CPUs have not yet been researched, which is why flexible electronic devices are not yet mature. Despite this, flexible flexible OLED-based local flexible concept phones and bracelets have been produced, and in the next year or two, we can expect similar electronic products to go on the market.
The core of flexible OLEDs is actually organic semiconductors, and behind this is an entire industrial chain of flexible electronics, which is likely to bring the next round of innovation to the electronics industry.
Not only on foldable phones and tablets, but also on wearables, flexible electronics can do a lot. In the future, the mobile phone is made into a bracelet, and we can send and receive mail on the wrist. The clothes can have their own display screen to change the color at will. As industrial and academic circles invest more and more in flexible electronic materials, we believe that these products are not far from us.
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